Machine for working paper stock and other materials



A. J. HAUG May 8, l95

MCHINE FOR WORKING PAPER STOCK AND OTHER MATERIALS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 21, 1947 I V EN TOR.

Patented May 8, 1951 UNITED ESTATES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE 'FOR-WORKING' PAPER vST0 CK AND -OTHER MATERIALS `Anton-J..Haug, Nashua, N. H. Application August 21, 1947,.Se1ial No. .7 69,77 6

..5 Claims. l

This invention .relates .to :machines'for refining .pulp mill .rejects to :produceuseful papermakng material, .for .treating .paper Vmakinglibers to suit and mechanical construction and .to minimizev the .care .and .attention .required by them.

My invention will r behest :understood .by reference to the following description when takenin connection. with the accompanying Adrawings showing one specific .embodiment thereof, while itsscope willbe more particularly1pointed-out .in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Y

Figure 1 :is a longitudinalelevationof the machine with some parts shown in section;

Fig. 2 is a cross section `through the `end housing taken on line 22;

Fig. 3 isa cross section through the :middle iof the machine taken .on `li'ne .3--3 looking .towards the .discharge end.

Referring to thefdrawingsthe machine selected to illustrate the invention consists of a-casing ,-I fastened to `end housings .2 and 3 which rest -on a bed plate 4. Thecasing herein shown .is fixed, but the same might `have -a movement-of rotation either with or 4Without bodily .movement of the rolls hereinafter referred to.

A central .main -shaft f5 .extends through v.the machine and rotates in bearings 6 and 'l which are supported by brackets cast integral -Ywith fthe end housings. At each-endfof the machine the shaft Scarries spiders y8 and 9 which branch out in U-shaped guides Inand l-I.

Within the casing are a'number of rolls lf2 the journals of which extend symmetrically Vthrough the U-shaped guides l0 and il, iat .both endsof the machine. Each roll journal is supported in a bearingroll 1.3 which has the shapezofa anged sleeve or roller, :.adaptedto roll radially in or out alongthe lat'sides of theV guides l l. lt Will-thus be seen that if power is :applied to the pulley M and the shaft is rotated, the bearings i3 and rolls l2 will be carried around ina circle by theguides l| which are provided with replaceable wearing strips l5, Fig. 2, along Which the bearing sleeves I3 can roll in or out `.with .radial freedom, vas will be explained later. The guides l.Iii and H are spaced a small distance away from the roll .bearing sleeves I3 and serve only as retaining mem- '2 bers to keep the rolls in their -correct positions, the rolls being provided with flanges -13 lwhich overlap the guides l' and Il and 'prevent Ythe bearing rolls or sleeves from moving vendwise out of` their proper positions.

In some of these machines the rolls are free'to move `outwardradially yuntil they make contact with the fibrous material held against the inner wall surface'o'f the Acasing l, whichcontactgives the rolls a rotatingmotionaround their-own aXeS in addition to' their orbital rotation around the machine axis.

The material to 4be handled is llfed Vthrough an inlet "lli and is carriedrepeatedly underthelroll-s |12Linits'passage'through the machine which-re- 'ducesthe material -to the'desired szefandcondition. ,Jets 4of :liquids Vor gases `may be vemployed to treat 4`the material and -control v-its .travel through the'machine. -Forthis-purpose a number of openings or ports Il `are provided `in :an yan.-

nular Ichannel -I8, Fig. 1, which is supplied with fiuid through a -pipe 49 -at the feed end vof the machine, Athe -jets Ypushing the stock Ltoward the discharge end, Aheating it, or otherwise treating it, fin litstravel `through 'the machine.

In other vmachines fof this xtype stops lare'used against-which theroll'bearingsrstrike, preventing the rolls `'from making contact with the inner surfaceof the casing. "The purpose-of ithisconstruction is to Agive the fibers a lgentler ltreatment and to eliminate 4actual metal Yto .metal contact between -thero'lls-and the casing .when/interruption occurszin .the feedingof zmaterials `to the machine. lt will .be seen that such contact of 4 the rolls -Withthe lining .of the casing .while no imaterials are .being .fed is .likely to be .detrimental to the surface .of these parts especially if themachineis allowedpto run idle .at high-speeds.

An arrangement .for maintaining `'a clearance between the rolls and casing .is .describedinmy previous :Patent No. 2,2895013 of July '7, 1942.

Ithas .been :found npractice that the springs in this'arrangementiwhich arelset to actagainst the centrifugal forcesof the rolls `do 1not maintain their .initially set tension uniformly.

One aim of the invention -as described rand claimed herein is to Aprovide .a uniform pressure re-action against the centrifugal forces .of the rolls which may be adjusted and controlled'during the .operation ofthe machine. .A further object of this invention is also to reduce the .friction losses in the roll supports .and bearings `so that -the slightest :amount of .material `fed will start the rolls `turningassoon as they ycome 'in to the pinch established by the small clearance 3 between the rolls and casing. It will be seen by referring to Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawing that there is a small clearance space I9 between the rolls and the casing. The amount of this clearance is set to the minimum that is required to have the rolls clear at full machine speed which depends on the size of the machine and the diameter of the rolls and casing bore. All the rolls are free to move radially inwardly which increases the clearance I9 when materials pass through the machine but they are normally prevented from moving outward any farther than" necessary to maintain the minimum clearance I9.

To accomplish this object, hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders are secured rigidly to the guides I9 and II and are tted with plungers 2| which act against the roller bearings I3. Hydraulic or pneumatic pressure fluid is fed through rotary packing joints 22, Fig. 1, of well-known construction, and enters the joints through pipes 23, passing through the central hole 24 into a circular channel 25 which is connected by pipe lines 26, Fig. 2, to the hydraulic cylinders, entering these through parts 21.

By means of a relief valve the pressure of the piston against the bearings is set to a small degree over the radial outward pressure created by the centrifugal action of the rolls so that just as soon as the centrifugal forces exceed the normal of regular operation, the pistons yield enough to permit the roll to hit the casing momentarily and so save damage to the journal.

In order to prevent the hydraulic pistons from acting over a greater distance than the required minimum for the desired clearance between the rolls and the casing and so olf-set the working pressure of the rolls against the material, an arrangement is provided which limits the inward motion of the pistons. This consists of sleeves 28 threaded on the cylinders 29 and provided with a constriction 29 co-operating with circular beads 30 on the pistons. It will be seen that by turning the threaded sleeves 28 the extreme inward piston movement may be adjusted to establish the desired minimum clearance I9, Figure 1, between the rolls I2 and the casing I.

. In the operation of the machine the rolls move continuously in and out radially over a distance depending on the amountor coarseness of the materials handled. This is a very quick vibratory movement and may be destructive on the bearings of the rolls. To overcome this condition, pistons 43 are provided underneath the bearings in the hub of the spiders 8 and 9. Compressed air or a similar medium is introduced through the rotary packing joint at pipe 39, the extension 49 of which connects it with the annular channel 4I having openings 42 discharging under the pneumatic pistons 43. To permit easy movement between the roll bearings I3 and pistons 43, small rollers 44 are set into the heads of said pistons. The required air is furnished from any convenient source and its pressure is kept only high enough to absorb the vibrations of the bearings I3 but permit them to move inwardly in a resilient manner.

With this arrangement the rolls normally float between two fluid pressures, except as their positions may be changed by external forces, such as the material upon which they are acting, and which forces them inwardly, or by a rebound after passing over a lump in said material, which may momentarily force them outward beyond their normal positions and even into a brief or instantaneous contact with the lining of the casing I.

In initially adjusting the positions of the rolls, the screw-threaded plugs 45 may be used to determine the minimum -clearance while the screw-threaded sleeve 28 is adjusted, the screws being backed out after this initial roll adjustment has been completed.

As aforementioned the materials may be treated with steam or gas jets in its passage through the machine. When so operating it is desirable to trap the vapor or gases in the machine to increase their action on the materials and prevent their objectionable escape. A conveyor 4S, Figs. 1 and 3, of any known construction is arranged under discharge opening 4l of the machine, its

-end being covered with a hinged flap 48 which opens only against the pressure of the materials created by the pushing Aaction of the conveyor.

The invention thus provides a machine in which the support of the rolls is effected normally by fluid pressures working in cooperation with centrifugal force but in a manner which protects both the rolls and the lining of the casing. In addition, this control produces exceptionally favorable working conditions in the casing; reduces the power required to drive the machine; and minimizes wear.

While I have herein shown and described particular embodiments of my invention which I prefer at present, it will be understood that the invention may be carried out in many other forms without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.

I claim:

1. In a machine for working paper stock and the like, the combination of a casing provided with an approximately cylindrical horizontal inner wall surface, a crushing roll in said casing extending longitudinally thereof, means supporting said roll for rotation around its own axis, also for movement toward and from said surface and for orbital rotation around the axis of said cylindrical surface; said means comprising bearing rolls in which the opposite ends of said crushing roll are mounted, a shaft supported in said casing coaxially with said surface, spiders on opposite ends of said shaft, said spiders being provided with guideways in which said bearing rolls are supported for rolling movement toward and from said cylindrical surface of the casing, and means supporting said bearing rolls yieldingly between opposed pressures so that they support said crushing roll yieldingly in a position between said cylindrical surface and said shaft.

2. In a machine for refining paper stock and the like, the combination of a casing adapted to retain the stock undergoing treatment, said casing being provided with an approximately cylindrical horizontal inner wall surface, a shaft mounted in said casing coaxially with said surface, a series of crushing rolls positioned in said casing and spaced around said shaft but extending approximately parallel thereto., spiders mounted on opposite ends of said shaft, bearing rolls in which the opposite ends of said crushing rolls are supported, said spiders being provided with guideways in which said bearing rolls are supported for rolling movement toward and from the inner cylindrical surface of said casing, and fluid pressure mechanism acting on opposite sides of said bearing rolls to support them and their respective crushing rolls in a floating condition with said crushing rolls yieldingly held between said shaft and the cylindrical wall of said casing.

3. In a machine according to preceding claim 2, a construction in which said bearing rolls have flanges positioned at opposite sides of and close to the respective spiders in guided relationship to the latter.

4. In a machine for rening paper stock, and the like, the combination of a casing adapted to retain the stock undergoing treatment, said casing being provided with an approximately cylindrical horizontal inner wall surface, a shaft mounted in said casing lcoaxially with said surface, a plurality of crushing Vrolls positioned in said casing and spaced from said shaft but extending approximately parallel thereto, spiders mounted on opposite ends of said shaft, bearings in which the opposite ends of said crushing rolls are supported with the rolls positioned between said shaft and the cylindrical wall of said casing, said spiders being provided with guideways in which said bearings are guided for movement of said rolls toward and from said inner surface of said casing, and fluid pressure means between which said bearing rolls are yieldably mounted in a iioating condition, whereby they support said crushing rolls between said shaft and the cylindrical wall of said casing, said iiuid pressure mechanism comprising pistons acting on the outer sides of the respective bearing rolls to force the crushing rolls inwardly toward said shaft, and additional pistons acting through said bearing rolls to oppose said inward movements of said crushing rolls.

5. In a machine for rening paper stock, and the like, the combination of a casing adapted to retain the stock undergoing treatment, said casing being provided with an approximately cylindrical horizontal inner wall surface, a shaft mounted in said casing coaxially with said surface, a plurality of crushing rolls positioned in said casing and spaced from said shaft but extending approximately parallel thereto, spiders mounted on opposite ends of said shaft, bearings in which the opposite ends of said crushing rolls are supported with the rolls positioned between said shaft and the cylindrical wall of said casing, said spiders being provided with guideways in which said bearings are guided for movement of said rolls toward and from said inner surface of said casing, and fluid pressure means between which said bearing rolls are yieldably mounted in a iioating condition, whereby they support said crushing roils between said shaft and the cylindrical wall of said casing, said fluid pressure mechanism including pressure operated cylinders and pistons associated with the bearings for the-respective crushing rolls, and conductors provided for guiding fluid pressure to said cylinders, which includes sections carried by the spiders and additional sections extending through said shaft.

ANTON JOSEPH HAUG.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the i-lle of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 748,645 Parker Jan. 5, 1904 2,087,556 Tolman July 20, 1937 2,087,557 Tolman July 20, 1937 2,205,632 Schwarz June 25, 1940 2,289,013 Haug July 7, 1942 2,377,307 Brown June 5, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 59,659 Norway July 28, 1938 

